Key Facts: Varieties — CoC 671, Co 86032, Co 94012, CoM 0265, CoJ 64 | States — Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra (Kolhapur, Pune, Nasik), Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh | Crop type — 12–18 month main crop + ratoon crop; planted Oct–Nov (adsali) or Feb–March (pre-seasonal)
Stage-wise Fertilizer Programme
Planting to Germination (Month 1)
Sett planting and establishment
| Application | Product / Dose / Method |
|---|
| Sett treatment | Carbendazim 1g/L + Imidacloprid 1 mL/L soak for 30 minutes — prevents early pests |
| Basal dose | SSP 375 kg/ha + MOP 190 kg/ha incorporated in furrow before planting |
| Biofertilizer | Azospirillum 10 kg/ha + PSB 10 kg/ha applied in furrow at planting |
| Zinc basal | ZnSO4 25 kg/ha incorporated — critical for sugarcane growth |
Tillering Phase (Month 2–4)
Maximum tiller production period
| Application | Product / Dose / Method |
|---|
| First nitrogen split | Urea 115 kg/ha at 45 days (first earthing up) |
| Second nitrogen split | Urea 115 kg/ha at 90 days (second earthing up) |
| Potassium split | MOP 95 kg/ha at 90 days |
| Micronutrient spray | Zinc 0.2% + Manganese 0.2% foliar × 2 during tillering |
Grand Growth Phase (Month 5–8)
Rapid internodal elongation
| Application | Product / Dose / Method |
|---|
| Nitrogen continuation | Urea 60 kg/ha at 120 days if growth appears slow (optional third split) |
| Silica application | Silicon 50 kg/ha (Silicate fertilizer) — improves stem rigidity and disease resistance |
| Potassium maintenance | SOP 50 kg/ha at month 6 for internodal elongation |
| Sulphur | Bentonite sulphur 25 kg/ha for amino acid synthesis |
Maturation Phase (Month 9–12)
Sugar accumulation
| Application | Product / Dose / Method |
|---|
| Potassium final | SOP 50 kg/ha for sucrose synthesis and translocation |
| Ripenor application | Ethephon-based ripenor 1.5–2 L/ha at 270 days for Brix improvement |
| Stop nitrogen | No nitrogen from month 9 — reduces fibre content and improves recovery |
| Trash mulching | Retain trash mulch in rows for moisture conservation and weed control |
Micronutrient Programme
| Nutrient | Recommended Dose & Method |
|---|
| Zinc (Zn) | ZnSO4 25 kg/ha soil — most important micronutrient for sugarcane |
| Iron (Fe) | FeSO4 25 kg/ha soil — deficiency common on alkaline soils |
| Sulphur (S) | Bentonite sulphur 25 kg/ha for protein and chlorophyll synthesis |
| Silicon (Si) | Silicate fertilizer 50 kg/ha — improves stem strength and disease resistance |
Deficiency Signs to Watch For
| Deficiency | Symptoms & Identification |
|---|
| Zinc deficiency | White stripe disease — white or yellow stripes parallel to midrib on young leaves; stunted tillering |
| Iron deficiency | Pale yellow or white new leaves (chlorosis), common on calcareous soils |
| Nitrogen deficiency | Pale green/yellow colour, thin stems, reduced tillering, low yield |
| Potassium deficiency | Premature leaf drying from tip, reduced sugar content, poor stalk growth |
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